Physicochemical properties of culms in rye (Secale cereale L.) with a brittle stem

Physicochemical properties of culms in rye (Secale cereale L.) with a brittle stem Full article

Journal

Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research
ISSN: 2079-0597

Output data

Year: 2013, Volume: 3, Number: 6, Pages: 455-463 Pages count : 9 DOI: 10.1134/S207905971306004X

Tags

brittle stem; chemical structure; lignin; mechanical properties; nuclear magnetic resonance; proton magnetic resonance; rye

Authors

Konovalov A.A. ¹ , Shundrina I.K. ² , Karpova E.V. ² , Mamatyuk V.I. ²

Affiliations

1	(Scopus) Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
2	(Scopus) Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation

In carrying out a genetic analysis of rye in terms of a "brittle stem" trait, sister plants with normal and brittle stems were obtained. The culms of plants were studied in terms of chemical composition, spectroscopic parameters, and mechanical strength. Differences among plants with different types of culm were found in terms of a number of indicators, such as the content of aromatic monomers of lignin and the ratio of different types of chemical bonds. Culms of normal and brittle rye of the same diameter vary in terms of an elastic modulus and elastic deformation limit. It was found that stems of mutant plants are destroyed under lateral stress by means of the fragile fracture mechanism, while those in normal plants are destroyed by ductile fracture. The limits of elastic deformation and strength are significantly higher for normal plants. By nuclear magnetic resonance methods, we detected differences in the chemical structure of lignins in terms of the following: the content of aldehyde and methoxyl groups, total aromaticity, and the number of ordinary ether bonds, by which lignin units are associated with polysaccharide fragments of cellular walls. Higher lignin content in a mutant does not increase the mechanical strength of the culm. On the contrary, there is a decrease in the limits of elastic deformation and an increase in the fragility of the shoots. Probably, the mutation bs, except for direct action (brittleness of the culm), causes an imbalance of metabolic processes in the formation of secondary cell walls and leads to deviations from the optimal ratio of carbohydrate and lignin components. The differences found in various indicators can be used in breeding research associated with important economic traits of cereal stems. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

Konovalov A.A. , Shundrina I.K. , Karpova E.V. , Mamatyuk V.I.
Physicochemical properties of culms in rye (Secale cereale L.) with a brittle stem
Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research. 2013. V.3. N6. P.455-463. DOI: 10.1134/S207905971306004X Scopus РИНЦ

Published print:	Nov 1, 2013
Published online:	Dec 10, 2013

Scopus	2-s2.0-84891090362
Elibrary	21902964
OpenAlex	W2029547099